Sleep State Trend (SST), a bedside measure of neonatal sleep state fluctuations based on single EEG channels.

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Abstract

To develop and validate an automated method for bedside monitoring of sleep state fluctuations in neonatal intensive care units.A deep learning-based algorithm was designed and trained using 53 EEG recordings from a long-term (a)EEG monitoring in 30 near-term neonates. The results were validated using an independent dataset from 30 polysomnography recordings. In addition, we constructed Sleep State Trend (SST), a bedside-ready means for visualizing classifier outputs.The accuracy of quiet sleep detection in the training data was 90%, and the accuracy was comparable (85-86 %) in all bipolar derivations available from the 4-electrode recordings. The algorithm generalized well to a polysomnography dataset, showing 81% overall accuracy despite different signal derivations. SST allowed an intuitive, clear visualization of the classifier output.Fluctuations in sleep states can be detected at high fidelity from a single EEG channel, and the results can be visualized as a transparent and intuitive trend in the bedside monitors.The Sleep State Trend (SST) may provide caregivers and clinical studies a real-time view of sleep state fluctuations and its cyclicity.Copyright © 2022 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.