Artificial Intelligence in Diabetic Retinopathy: Insights from a Meta-Analysis of Deep Learning.

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Abstract

The demand for AI to improve patients outcome has been increased; we, therefore, aim to establish the diagnostic values of AI in diabetic retinopathy by pooling the published studies of deep learning on this subject. A total of eight studies included which evaluated deep learning in a total of 706,922 retinal images. The overall pooled area under receiver operating curve (AUROC) was 98.93% (95%CI:98.37%-99.49%). However, the overall pooled sensitivity and specificity for detecting referable diabetic retinopathy (RDR) was 74% (95% CI: 73%-74%), and 95% (95% CI: 95%-95%). The findings of this study show that deep learning had high sensitivity and specificity for identifying diabetic retinopathy.