A preliminary study of super-resolution deep learning reconstruction with cardiac option for evaluation of endovascular-treated intracranial aneurysms.

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Abstract

To investigate the usefulness of super-resolution deep learning reconstruction (SR-DLR) with cardiac option in the assessment of image quality in patients with stent-assisted coil embolization, coil embolization, and flow-diverting stent placement compared with other image reconstructions.This single-center retrospective study included fifty patients (mean age, 59 years; range, 44-81 years; 13 men) who were treated with stent-assisted coil embolization, coil embolization, and flow-diverting stent placement between January and July 2023. The images were reconstructed using filtered back projection (FBP), hybrid iterative reconstruction (IR), and SR-DLR. The objective image analysis included image noise in the Hounsfield unit (HU), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and full width at half maximum (FWHM). Subjectively, two radiologists evaluated the overall image quality for the visualization of the flow-diverting stent, coil, and stent.The image noise in HU in SR-DLR was 6.99 ± 1.49, which was significantly lower than that in images reconstructed with FBP (12.32 ± 3.01) and hybrid IR (8.63 ± 2.12) (p < 0.001). Both the mean SNR and CNR were significantly higher in SR-DLR than in FBP and hybrid IR (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001). The FWHMs for the stent (p < 0.004), flow-diverting stent (p < 0.001), and coil (p < 0.001) were significantly lower in SR-DLR than in FBP and hybrid IR. The subjective visual scores were significantly higher in SR-DLR than in other image reconstructions (p < 0.001).SR-DLR with cardiac option is useful for follow-up imaging in stent-assisted coil embolization and flow-diverting stent placement in terms of lower image noise, higher SNR and CNR, superior subjective image analysis, and less blooming artifact than other image reconstructions.SR-DLR with cardiac option allow better visualization of the peripheral and smaller cerebral arteries. SR-DLR with cardiac option can be beneficial for CT imaging of stent-assisted coil embolization and flow-diverting stent.© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Institute of Radiology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: [email protected].